Morteza Motahhari
Morteza Motahari (1358-1298), jurist, philosopher, theologian, writer, thinker, teacher, theoretician, commentator of the Qur'an, one of the students of Ayatollah Boroujerdi, Imam Khomeini and Allameh Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Tabatabai
birth
He was born on 13 Bahman 1298 AH, corresponding to 12 Jumadi al-Awli 1338 AH (1920 AD) in Freeman city near Mashhad city in a spiritual family.
education
After his childhood, he went to school and started learning elementary lessons. At the age of 12, he went to Mashhad seminary and studied the basics of Islamic sciences. In 1316, despite the fierce struggle of the government of Reza Shah Pahlavi with the clergy and despite the opposition of his friends and relatives, he went to the seminary of Qom to complete his studies.
professors
During his fifteen-year stay in Qom, in the presence of Ayatollah Al-Uzami Boroujerdi (in jurisprudence and principles), Imam Khomeini (RA) (for twelve years in the philosophy of Mulla Sadra, mysticism, ethics and principles) and Allameh Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Tabataba'i (in the philosophy of Bu'ali) and comparative philosophy). Ustad Shahid Medati also received many spiritual benefits from the presence of Ayatollah Haj Mirza Ali Agha Shirazi in ethics and mysticism. The late Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Hojjat (in principles) and the late Ayatollah Seyed Mohammad Mohaqeq Damad (in jurisprudence) can be mentioned among other professors of Ostad Motahari. During his stay in Qom, in addition to studying science, he actively participated in social and political affairs.
Emigration, teaching and preaching
In 1331, while he was considered one of the famous teachers and one of the future hopes of the field, he migrated to Tehran for reasons including livelihood problems. In Tehran, he taught in the Maravi school - where seminary sciences were taught - and also wrote and gave research lectures. In 1334, he held the first session of his Qur'an interpretation sessions for students. In the same year, he started teaching at the Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies of Tehran University. In the years 1337 and 1338, when the Islamic Association of Doctors was formed, Professor Motahari was one of the main speakers of this association, and during the years 1340 to 1350, he was the unique speaker of this association, and some of his works are the product of these meetings.
fight
Since 1341, when the movement of Imam Khomeini (RA) began, Ustad Motahari was actively with the Imam; So that the organization of the 15th Khordad uprising in Tehran and its coordination with the Imam's leadership can be attributed to his efforts and his helpers.
Cultural and political activity
One of the most important services of Professor Motahari during his blessed life was presenting the original Islamic ideology through lectures and lectures and authoring books. This reached its peak especially in the years 1351 to 1357 due to the increase in the propaganda of leftist groups and the emergence of leftist Muslim groups and the emergence of the phenomenon of eclecticism. After the Imam, Ustad Motahari was the first person who realized the danger of the leaders of the organization known as "People's Mujahideen of Iran" and prevented others from cooperating with this organization and even predicted the change of their ideology. During these years, on the advice of Imam Khomeini (RA), he traveled to Qom two days a week and taught important lessons in that seminary, and at the same time held various meetings for university professors in his home in Tehran. d.
Although Ustad Motahari's relationship with Imam Khomeini continued through letters etc. after his exile from Iran, but in 1355 he managed to travel to Najaf and while meeting with Imam Khomeini, consulted with him about important issues of the movement and seminaries. After the death of Seyyed Mustafa Khomeini, the eldest son of Imam Khomeini, and the beginning of the new era of the Islamic Movement, Ustad Motahari became more active in the movement and played a key role in all its stages.
Motahhari wrote several books on Islam, Iran, and historical topics. His emphasis was on teaching rather than writing. However, after his death, some of his students worked on writing down his lectures and publishing them as books. As of the mid-2008, the "Sadra Publication" published more than sixty volumes by Motahhari. Nearly 30 books were written about Motahhari or quoted from his speeches.
Morteza Motahhari opposed what he called groups who "depend on other schools, especially materialistic schools" but who present these "foreign ideas with Islamic emblems". In a June 1977 article he wrote to warn "all great Islamic authorities" of the danger of "these external influential ideas under the pretext and banner of Islam." It is thought he was referring to the People's Mujahideen of Iran and the Furqan Group.
martyrdom
Ustad Motahari was martyred on Tuesday, May 11, 1358, by the criminal group of Farghan, and his body was transferred to Qom on Thursday, May 13, after the funeral in Tehran, and was buried in the shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (PBUH).
